On 24 May it was announced that using data collected and provided by Tim Taylor, CEO of Tiburon Subsea and the Lost 52 Project, the US Naval History and Heritage Command’s (NHHC) Underwater Archaeology Branch confirmed the wreck site they discovered as the final resting place of USS Harder (SS 257).
Taylor received a Distinguished Public Service Award from the Navy in 2021 for Lost 52 Project’s work to locate, discover and memorialise the 52 submarines lost during World War II. Previous submarines located by Lost 52 project include USS Grayback (SS 208), USS Stickleback (SS 415), USS R-12 (SS 89), USS S-26 (SS 131), USS S-28 (SS 133), and USS Grunion (SS 216).
The first USS Harder (SS 257) was commissioned on 2 December 1942, with Commander Samuel Dealey in command; and lost at sea with 79 men aboard on 24 August 1944. Resting at a depth of more than 3,000 feet, the vessel sits upright on her keel relatively intact except for the depth-charge damage aft of the conning tower. Submarines by their very design can be a challenge to identify, but the excellent state of preservation of the site and the quality of the data collected by Lost 52 allowed for NHHC to confirm the identity of the wreck as Harder.
“Harder was lost in the course of victory. We must not forget that victory has a price, as does freedom,” said NHHC Director Rear Admiral Samuel Cox. “We are grateful that Lost 52 has given us the opportunity to once again honor the valor of the crew of the ‘Hit ‘em Harder’ submarine that sank the most Japanese warships – in particularly audacious attacks – under her legendary skipper, Commander Sam Dealey.”
Harder‘s fifth war patrol was the submarine’s most successful. Harder depleted the critical supply of destroyers by sinking three of them and heavily damaging or destroying two others in four days, and her frequent attacks resulted in Admiral Ozawa’s Mobile Fleet departing Tawi-Tawi a day ahead of schedule. The premature departure upset the Japanese battle plans and forced Ozawa to delay his carrier force in the Philippine Sea, contributing to the defeat suffered by the Japanese in the ensuing battle.
Harder’s last known location was in the South China Sea off Luzon during her sixth and final war patrol. Early on Aug. 22, Harder and USS Haddo (SS 255) attacked and destroyed three escort ships off Bataan – Harder sinking escort ships Matsuwa and Hiburi. Joined by USS Hake (SS 256) that night, the coordinated attack group headed for Caiman Point, Luzon. At dawn on 23 August, Haddo attacked and fatally damaged the destroyer Asakaze off Cape Bolinao. Haddo informed Harder and Hake that her torpedoes were expended and left for replenishment. Harder and Hake remained off Dasol Bay, searching for new targets. Before dawn on 24 August, Hake sighted the escort ship CD-22 and Patrol Boat No. 102. As Hake closed to attack, the patrol boat turned away toward Dasol Bay. Hake broke off approach, turned northward, sighting Harder‘s periscope 600 to 700 yards dead ahead. Swinging southward, Hake sighted CD-22 about 2,000 yards off her port quarter. To escape, Hake went deep and rigged for silent running. At 07:28 Hake’s crew reported hearing fifteen rapid depth charges explode in the distance astern. Hake continued evasive action, returning to the attack area shortly after noon to sweep the area at periscope depth – only finding a ring of marker buoys covering a radius of one-half mile. Japanese records later revealed Harder fired three torpedoes at CD-22. The Japanese ship evaded the torpedoes and began a series of depth charge attacks at 07:28. The fifth depth charge attack sinking Harder.
Harder received the Presidential Unit Citation for her first five patrols, six battle stars for her World War II service. Commander Dealey was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his outstanding contribution to the war effort on Harder‘s fifth patrol. Dealey’s other awards included a Navy Cross for Harder’s first war patrol; a Gold Star in lieu of second Navy Cross for second war patrol; second Gold Star in lieu of third Navy Cross for third war patrol; the Distinguished Service Cross; a third Gold Star in lieu of fourth Navy Cross for fourth war patrol; and the Silver Star (posthumously in 1948) for the sixth war patrol.
The wreck of Harder is a US sunken military craft protected by US law and under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Navy. While non-intrusive activities, such as remote sensing documentation, on US Navy sunken military craft are allowed, any activity that may result in the disturbance of a sunken military craft must be coordinated with NHHC and, if appropriate, authorised through a relevant permitting program. Most importantly, the wreck represents the final resting place of Sailors that gave their life in defence of the nation and should be respected by all parties as a war grave. For more information on USS Harder visit:
http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/h/harder-i.html
Source: USN
